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  • 3 Aprile 2023
  • Matteo Fratarcangeli
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Marta (VT) 2 Luglio 2023

Fu abitata fin dall’epoca preromana, come attesta il ritrovamento di tombe nelle località di Carnossa e Monte Leano; secondo alcuni studiosi, inoltre, l’isola Martana fu teatro, nel VI secolo d.C., dell’uccisione della regina degli ostrogoti Amalasunta per mano dei sicari del marito Teodato. Dopo essere passata sotto la giurisdizione di varie famiglie, come i Prefetti di Vico, i signori di Bisenzio, Angelo Tartaglia e gli Orsini, fu inserita nel Cinquecento nel ducato di Castro, costituito dai Farnese, e vi rimase fino al 1649, anno della distruzione di Castro e della dissoluzione del ducato. Verso la fine del Settecento fu data in enfiteusi ai marchesi Della Fargna e, tornata alla Chiesa, ne seguì le sorti fino all’unità d’Italia. Il toponimo potrebbe avere origine agionimica e riferirsi alla Santa Patrona. Tra le testimonianze del passato figurano la rocca duecentesca, della quale rimangono tracce di mura e un torrione ottagonale, palazzo Farnese, meno grandioso delle altre residenze fatte costruire dall’illustre famiglia nel Viterbese, il santuario romanico della Madonna del Monte, parzialmente rimaneggiato nel Quattrocento, e la settecentesca chiesa di Santa Maria, nella quale, tra l’altro, si trova un prezioso calice in filigrana d’oro del VI secolo.

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